Last updated on January 12th, 2025

Why is Christian Zionism Problematic?

Zionism is the belief that Jerusalem and the lands around it belong to the Jewish people.  The idea is that the Jewish people are entitled to this land because God promised it to them (around 1800 BCE) and because King David conquered it around 1000 BC.  (learn about the history of Zionism)

Zionism is problematic because it ignores the existence and rights of the Indigenous people; Palestinians. (learn about Zionism and colonialism)

Christian Zionism (which predated Jewish Zionism) is also problematic because it is antisemitic.  Christian Zionism developed in the 16th century out of an understanding that in order for the Messiah to return to the earth (the second coming of Christ) the Jewish people need to return to Jerusalem.  Unfortunately it also holds the expectation that when the Messiah returns one third of the Jewish people will convert to Christianity and the other two thirds will be condemned to hell.

UNJPPI does not support Zionism.

a picture of the desert seen through the wall at Masada

Zion - the City of God

A picture of worshipers in front of the golden Dome of the Rock

The Psalms and Isaiah have many references to Zion – the City of God; meaning Jerusalem.

A few examples

By the rivers of Babylon we sat and wept
    when we remembered Zion.” (Psalm 137)

“For the Lord has chosen Zion,
    he has desired it for his dwelling” (Psalm 132)

From Zion, perfect in beauty,
    God shines forth.” (Psalm 50)

Let heaven and earth praise him,
    the seas and all that move in them,
 for God will save Zion
    and rebuild the cities of Judah.” (Psalm 69)

for the Lord Almighty will reign
    on Mount Zion and in Jerusalem,
    and before its elders—with great glory.” (Isaiah 24)

Those the Lord has rescued will return.
    They will enter Zion with singing;
    everlasting joy will crown their heads.” (Isaiah 51)

Watch a video from the Nelson Mandela Foundation: Critical Dialogue Series : Understanding Christian Zionism - Bridging Faith and Justice

Watch a video from Christians for a Free Palestine about Zionism

What Can I Do?

Christian Zionism

Christian Zionism developed in the 16th century out of an understanding that in order for the Messiah to return to the earth (the second coming of Christ) the Jewish people need to return to Jerusalem.  Unfortunately it also holds the expectation that when the Messiah returns one third of the Jewish people will convert to Christianity and the other two thirds will be condemned to hell.

Christian Zionists see the creation of the state of Israel as a fulfillment of biblical prophecy and subsequent Israeli victories as further confirmation.

The statement underlying Zionism and Christian Zionism is “a land without people for a people without land” which totally ignores the Indigenous people who were living there.

At its core, Christian Zionism is antisemitic

Jewish Zionism

Zionism, as a belief which Jewish people held, began in the late 1800’s.  Theodore Herzl is recognized as a chief proponent of it.  Jewish people in Britain and in the U.S. lobbied with their governments for the creation of a “Jewish” state – a homeland for Jewish people in historic Palestine.

This movement ignored the existence and rights of the Indigenous people; Palestinians.

Inn November 1917, the Balfour Declaration said that

British people view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people” with the caveat that “nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine.”

The Holocaust intensified the drive for a “safe” place for Jewish people.

The 2018 Israeli Basic State law defines Israel as the nation state of the Jewish people and asserts that the Jewish people have the unique claim to national self-determination in the state of Israel.

Political Influences that Foster Zionism

The development of Zionism was strongly supported by various political influences over time.

Some of these geopolitical interests include

  1. protecting shipping through the Suez Canal
  2. the desire for access to oil in the Middle East
  3. a struggle for influence amongst Arab nations
  4. International guilt over what happened during the Holocaust
  5. the strong lobbying and financial donations by Israeli groups such as AIPAC in the United States

These geopolitical factors overcome the interests of the Palestinian people in the land that they have lived on for so long.

Zionism and Colonialism

The statement underlying Zionism and Christian Zionism is “a land without people for a people without land” which totally ignores the Indigenous people who were living there.

Settler colonialism is a form of colonialism where the focus is on removing or eliminating (rather than profiting from) the native population.  From the beginning, Zionists have not hesitated to make and share plans for getting the Palestinians and Arabs off their land in order to claim it for the Jewish people.

 

Zionist Colonialism in their own words

Christian Zionism is Antisemitic

Christian Zionism is based on the idea that Zionism is critical to prepare the ground for the second coming of Christ (which will see one third of the Jewish people converted to Christianity and the other two thirds condemned to hell).   This means that at its core, Christian Zionism is antisemitic.

In 2012, the Presbyterian Church in Canada categorically rejected “Christian Zionist doctrines as false teaching that corrupt the
biblical message of love, justice and reconciliation” and called “upon Christians in churches on every continent to pray for the Palestinian and
Israeli people, both of whom are suffering as victims of occupation and militarism.”

Jewish Voices for Peace

…  talks about the harm Zionism does to Jewish people:

In sharing our stories with one another, we see the ways Zionism has also harmed Jewish people. Many of us have learned from Zionism to treat our neighbors with suspicion, to forget the ways Jews built home and community wherever we found ourselves to be. Jewish people have had long and integrated histories in the Arab world and North Africa, living among and sharing community, language and custom with Muslims and Christians for thousands of years.

By creating a racist hierarchy with European Jews at the top, Zionism erased those histories and destroyed those communities and relationships. In Israel, Jewish people of color – from the Arab world, North Africa, and East Africa – have long been subjected to systemic discrimination and violence by the Israeli government. That hierarchy also creates Jewish spaces where Jews of color are marginalized, our identities and commitments questioned & interrogated, and our experiences invalidated. It prevents us from seeing each other — fellow Jews and other fellow human beings — in our full humanity.

Zionist interpretations of history taught us that Jewish people are alone, that to remedy the harms of antisemitism we must think of ourselves as always under attack and that we cannot trust others. It teaches us fear, and that the best response to fear is a bigger gun, a taller wall, a more humiliating checkpoint.

Rather than accept the inevitability of occupation and dispossession, we choose a different path. We learn from the anti-Zionist Jews who came before us, and know that as long as Zionism has existed, so has Jewish dissent to it.

How Zionism Developed

Christian Restorationism

Christian Restorationism (also sometimes called Jewish Restorationism) was a growing movement in British theological circles in the 16th to 17th centuries. The idea was to restore the Jews to a homeland in Jerusalem as Christian converts. This came from phrases in the biblical books of Daniel, the Song of Songs, Revelations and also from the Apostle Paul writing that "all Israel will be saved’ (Romans 11:25). Some key figures early in this movement included puritan biblical commentator Thomas Brightman (1562–1607), Elizabeth I’s former ambassador to Russia Giles Fletcher (d. 1611), Coventry clergyman Thomas Draxe (d. 1618/19), lawyer and Member of Parliament Sir Henry Finch’s (c. 1558–1625) and Cambridge scholar and premillennialist Joseph Mede’s (1586–1638)
16-17th Century

John Nelson Darby - Dispensationalism

John Nelson Darby was an Anglican priest who left the Anglican church to join the Plymouth Brethren. He was the first to talk about dispensationalism; an idea that God's plan evolves in stages, and that God's plan involves the Rapture happening (where Christians are taken away/taken up), followed by God gathering up the Jewish people (his 'first chosen people') in Jerusalem, where two thirds would then be killed, with the remaining third converting to Christianity. Later followers of this belief system thought that they could hasten the return of Jesus (the Second Coming) by returning Jewish people to Jerusalem in preparation for this murder and conversion.
1831

Lord Shaftesbury

Lord Shaftesbury (the 7th Earl) was an Evangelical and politician in England who saw himself as Cyrus, the second Chosen to restore the God’s people?” (Cyrus, king of ancient Persia, permitted the exiled Jews to return from Babylonia to the land of Israel.). He helped organize the London Society for Promoting Christianity Amongst the Jews, and worked tirelessly for the restoration of (converted) Jewish people to Israel. He is also said to be the original source of the phrase that has been so influential in the Zionist movement ("a people without a land for a land without a people") although he phrased it slightly differently as "There is a country without a nation; and God now, in His wisdom and mercy, directs us to a nation without a country."
1839

Theodor Herzl publishes Der Judenstaat

Theodor Herzl was a secular Jew, and is considered the father of Jewish Zionism. He called for the creation of a safe homeland for Jewish people. He considered Argentina and Uganda, as well as Israel.
1896

William Hechler

William Hechler was the first to be called a 'Christian Zionist'. He was a Zionist Anglican priest who used his diplomatic connections to introduce Herzl to influential British politicians and Christian leaders.
1897

Scofield Reference Bible

The Scofield Reference Bible popularized Darby's views in the United States. Christian Zionists had regular conferences in Niagara Falls in the early 1900s and Scofield was one of the attendees. His Bible with commentary helped to spread the idea of Christian Zionism across North America
1909

Balfour declaration

Lord Balfour was the British Foreign Secretary. On Nov 2nd, 1917, he wrote a letter to Lord Rothschild, a British Zionist leader, saying that Great Britain would support the establishment of a homeland for the Jewish people in Palestine. This letter was intended to be shared with the Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland, and is considered to be a critical moment in the foundation of the current state of Israel
Nov 2nd, 1917

British Mandate for Palestine approved by the United Nations

The British Mandate for Palestine was created in 1920 and approved by the United Nations on July 24, 1922. It included the Balfour Declaration and proclaimed the creation of a Jewish homeland. Under the mandate’s terms, Britain had an obligation to conduct its policy in Palestine in accordance with the needs of both Jews and Arabs. Two separate systems of administration were created under the British Mandate; one for Jews and one for Arabs. During this period, Britain started sending a steady stream of Jewish immigrants to Palestine.
July 24,1922

UN Resolution to Partition Palestine

During the years of the British Mandate, Jewish immigration to Israel increased, as did riots by the Palestinians who were seeing their land taken by the newcomers. These riots were equally violently suppressed, but Britain wanted out. In 1947, the United Nations passed a resolution (Resolution 181) to partition Palestine into two states, one Arab and one Jewish, with Jerusalem placed under a special international regime.
1947

Creation of the State of Israel

The State of Israel was proclaimed on 14 May, 1948 by David Ben-Gurion, the Executive Head of the World Zionist Organization, Chairman of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, and later first Prime Minister of Israel. The State of Israel came into being that night at midnight on the termination of the British Mandate. This declaration was signed during a civil war between the Jewish and Arab populations in the area. The Nakba, or catastrophe, took place during this civil war, when over 750,000 Palestinians were forced out of their homes, and in many cases, out of their country, as Jewish immigrants poured in. To some extent, the goals of the Zionist movement had been achieved.
May 14, 1948