Last updated on March 11th, 2025

The United Church and Palestine / Israel

The United Church of Canada has been engaged in humanitarian response, advocacy for just peace, support for partners and internal conversation about Palestine and Israel since the Nakba and the establishment of a state of Israel in 1948 by the UN.

Recent Actions in Response to Assault on Gaza and Growing Destruction in the West Bank 2023-2024

A full-scale assault on Gaza by the Israel Defense Force began in October 2023 following an attack and hostage-taking by the Qussam Brigade and other resistance groups on October 7.
This led to a series of actions and statements by the United Church in the year that followed as the church continued in communication and solidarity with partners in Palestine and Israel.

UNJPPI Calls to the church

  1. Israel as a “Jewish state” has established the context for an apartheid society. The United Church needs to support equal rights for all citizens of the state and to oppose the military occupation of the West Bank, East Jerusalem and Gaza by Israel.
  2. Support of the BDS movement as initiated by Palestinians.
  3. Respond meaningfully to “A Cry for Hope” by Kairos Palestine

What Does Faith Suggest for Us?

Palestinian Christians seek to follow Jesus through non-violent resistance to oppression in contrast to many western Christians who have a theological tradition of “just war”, a term coined by Augustine that was influential as Christianity was adopted as the official religion of the Roman Empire under Constantine in the 4th century.

Christians in Palestine argue that Jesus who lived under Roman occupation chose a path of non-violence and that, as his disciples, we, too, are called to take that path. Resistance to oppression or evil can be expressed in many ways.

Should the Church Be Involved In Politics?

Christians live in the world where power is a reality and can be used for the well-being of all or for the advantage of some.

The United Church has a legacy of “social gospel” theology that sees the importance of the social conditions in which people live as important to their spiritual well-being.

The good news is for all of our lives, not just for individuals but collectively.

In this light, the church seeks to be involved in political processes for the good of all people.

Part of that involvement is the discernment of whether power is being used to oppress, exploit, or silence people or to encourage the just sharing of resources and participation in decision-making.

Why get involved in world affairs? Shouldn’t we stick to our own neighborhoods?

What are communities of faith in the United Church doing?

Recent Actions in Response to Assault on Gaza and Growing Destruction in the West Bank 2023-2024

A full-scale assault on Gaza by the Israel Defense Force began in October 2023 following an attack and hostage-taking by the Qussam Brigade and other resistance groups on October 7.

This led to a series of actions and statements by the United Church in the year that followed as the church continued in communication and solidarity with partners in Palestine and Israel.

Church urges Government of Canada to Suspend Diplomatic Relations with Israel

Letter from General Secretary Rev. Dr. Michael Blair urging action and the recall of the Israeli Ambassador until Israel complies with rulings of the International Court of Justice. Legal Consequences arising from the Policies and Practices of Israel in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem. “In sharp contrast to the advisory opinion’s calls for Israel to end its occupation, the military incursions and massacres have, instead, intensified..."
August 2024

ICJ Ruling and Church Letter to Melanie Joly

The International Court of Justice voted in favour of the opinion, stating inter alia that: 1. the State of Israel's presence in the Occupied Palestinian Territory (OPT) is unlawful; 2. the State of Israel is under obligation to end its unlawful presence in the OPT as rapidly as possible; 3. the State of Israel is under obligation to cease immediately all new settlements activities and to evacuate all settlers from the OPT, and 4. the State of Israel has an obligation to make reparations for the damage caused to all natural or legal persons concerned in the OPT. The United Church of Canada responded with a letter written to Melanie Joly, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Canada, reminding the Government of Canada not to lose this opportunity but instead to take courageous steps to provide principled leadership within the international community toward a just peace for Palestinians and Israelis, in compliance with international law.
July 19, 2024

Church joins Arms Embargo Now campaign

United Church joins Arms Embargo Now campaign and writes to the Canadian government supporting its joint statement with Australia and New Zealand and asking that Canada also abide by international law through an arms embargo The Prime Minister was asked to do the following in response to international law violations linked to Israel’s military and Hamas: ● An immediate, binding, and full embargo on all arms trade with Israel, including trade through third parties, is vital.* Canada must ensure it is not providing supports or materials that could be used in the commission of international law violations. . ● Canada also needs to use all means at its disposal to: ○ pressure Israel to immediately halt its military offensive in Rafah and to end extremist settler violence in Gaza and the West Bank; ○ press for an immediate and lasting ceasefire, and the immediate and unconditional release of all captives held by all parties; ○ publicly support both the International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Court, cooperating fully with them on the Palestine situation and condemning any threats made against ICC personnel in connection with its work on this situation and any and all cases undertaken by the Court.
June 11, 2024

Moderator joins March on Parliament Hill Calling for Ceasefire

delegation of church leaders marched on Parliament Hill in Ottawa, calling urgently for a ceasefire in Gaza, the establishment of a life-saving flow of humanitarian aid and an end to all arms transfers to Israel. They spoke with members of parliament as part of the Gaza Ceasefire Pilgrimage. The coalition of church leaders included the United Church Moderator as well as the Rt. Rev. Andrew Asbil, Bishop of the Anglican Diocese of Toronto; the Rev. Dr. J. Dorcas Gordon, Principal Emerita of Knox College, The Presbyterian Church in Canada; the Rev. Susan Johnson, National Bishop of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada; the Rev. Douglas Klassen, Executive Minister of Mennonite Church Canada; and Leah Reesor-Keller, Transitional Executive Director of KAIROS Canada. A news conference broadcast on CPAC followed.
May 22, 2024

Churches urge Government to Take Action

The Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada, The Anglican Church of Canada, and The United Church of Canada issued a letter to Prime Minister Justin Trudeau. The letter dealt with a number of issues, but began by extending appreciation for reinstating funding to UNRWA, the United Nations agency that leads humanitarian aid distribution in the Middle East. It further urged the Canadian government to act on the following: ● An immediate and permanent ceasefire ● An end to sending military aid to Israel ● An investigation into the swarming of a food aid truck in late February ● To act in accordance with international law
March 2024

Michael Blair urges Prime Minister to Support South Africa's Application to ICJ

At the request of United Church partners, General Secretary Michael Blair sent a letter to Prime Minister Trudeau and other members of the federal government. ‘RE: Canada should support South Africa’s application to the ICJ regarding Israel’s breach of its obligations under the 1948 Genocide Convention, and ban arms sales to Israel "Dear Prime Minister, As Israel’s war on Gaza intensifies, I write to amplify the voices of people of The United Church of Canada and the hundreds of thousands of Canadians urging the government to take moral and decisive actions to support justice and peace. . ."
Jan 12, 2024

Moderator issues Plea to Prime Minister Trudeau to Advocate for Ceasefire

The Moderator Rt Rev. Dr. Carmen Landsdowne on the direction of the the General Council Executive, its corresponding members, and the members of the National Indigenous Council issued a plea to Prime Minister Trudeau to advocate for a ceasefire in the Israel-Hamas war, recognizing that, in the view of legal experts, genocide is currently taking place. Interfaith News Conference in Ottawa Kairos statement signed by UCC and … Panel discussion by church leaders in Ottawa, U of Ottawa
Nov 18, 2023

United Church Statement Expresses Concern and Mourning and Calls to End of Escalation of Violence

The United Church issues a statement mourning deaths and injuries and calling for an end to the escalation in violence, noting the harm caused by the Israeli occupation of Palestinians.
Oct 7, 2023

United Church of Canada History of Advocacy and Policies

The United Church has a history of advocacy about the abuse of human rights of Palestinians by the state of Israel. Here are some samples from that history from the most recent to the earliest:

Church Leaders met with MPs to Discuss Treatment of Palestinian Children and Human Rights Abuses

Church leaders met with MPs in Ottawa. They discussed several requests regarding the treatment of Palestinian children and human rights abuses in the conflict, including: 1. Appointing a Special Envoy to promote, monitor, and report on the human rights of Palestinian children living in occupied Palestinian territories 2. Taking steps to promote greater respect for human rights, and increased protection of Palestinian children 3. Holding Israeli military authorities accountable under international human rights and humanitarian laws The leaders encouraged the Canadian government to publicly condemn the Government of Israel’s attack on Palestinian human rights and civil society organizations, including a partner of The United Church of Canada, the Defense for Children International-Palestine Other policy requests involved agreement on the status of Jerusalem as a shared and open city for two peoples and three faiths, and to promote the right to self-determination for both Palestinians and Israelis. They also requested caucus members of each party to sign an open letter on Palestinian child detainees, who have no right to a lawyer while being detained by the Israeli military.
April 2023

Panel Discussion: Role of Canadian Churches in Israel and Palestine

On April 27, church leaders participated in a panel that outlined how churches in Canada are involved in advocating for and with partners in the region, and next steps in the context of a deteriorating human rights situation. The panel was organized by Saint Paul University, Ottawa.
April 27, 2023

United Church adopts Social Justice Principles

The General Council of the United Church adopted in principle a set of precepts to use in making decisions about church justice work. The seven principles are equal in value; the working group did not assign how the principles are applied, but urged they be tested over the next year-and-a-half: • Anti-oppression • Truth-telling • Holistic scope • Respect for human dignity • Full participation and decolonization • Equity, mutuality, respect, and reparations • Costly and prophetic solidarity The seven categories were fine-tuned from a list of 14 principles presented to the full General Council meeting in 2022 and aimed specifically at issues around peace and solidarity in Palestine and Israel. At its October recall meeting, General Council decided to work on the precepts, while other proposals calling for action on Palestine and Israel — including naming Israel an apartheid state and adopting boycott, divestment and sanctions (BDS) strategies — never came to a vote.
October 2023

Report of the Just Peace Task Force

The Just Peace task force was created in 2018 and delivered a 24 page report in 2021. Out of that report the General Council Executive wrote recommendations that were presented to, and adopted at the 44th General Council in 2022.
November 2021

41st General Council Received Report of Middle East Working Group

This report described the ongoing development of settlements on Palestinian land in the West Bank and advised the members of the church to avoid buying products produced in these settlements. It also recommended further study on whether or not to describe Israel with the term “apartheid.” The question of what the church means by “Jewish state” and how that compares with Israel’s understanding was raised for further consideration. The report acknowledged that it was inappropriate for the United Church to ask Palestinians to accept the state of Israel as Jewish.
August, 2012

"Being Faithful Witness: United Church-Jewish Relations Today" Adopted by United Church

The United Church adopted “Being Faithful Witness: United Church-Jewish Relations Today”, acknowledging the western Christian history of anti-Judaism and antisemitism in the interpretation of scripture. Work was done in dialogue with rabbis of the Canadian Jewish Federation. This document was adopted as a study guide at the 36th General Council. Note that In 2005, the church also adopted a statement “That We May Know One Another: United Church-Muslim Relations Today”.
1997

Canadian Christian-Jewish Consultation Created

The Canadian Christian-Jewish Consultation, sponsored by the Canadian Council of Churches, existed for 25 years, beginning in 1997. Partners included representatives of the Canadian Jewish Congress, the Canadian Council of Catholic Bishops, the Presbyterian Church in Canada, the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada, the United Church of Canada, the Anglican Church of Canada and The Canadian Council of Churches.
1997

General Council Pledges support to Canadian Council of Churches to build inter-faith and ecumenical dialogue on the Middle East

The 30th General Council adopted a very short resolution pledging support and encouragement to the Canadian Council of Churches’ committee, which "is seeking to build an inter-faith and ecumenical dialogue on the Middle East".
1984

General Council Approves Resolution that Zionism is Racism

General Council 27 in 1977 approved a resolution requesting 4 actions. 1) Request the Secretary of State for External Affairs to urge the reconvening of the Middle East Peace Conference in Geneva and to insist that the Palestinian people be represented at such a Conference. We further recommend that the Palestinian people be represented by the Palestinian Liberation Organization; 2) Continue to press the appropriate church and inter-church committees in our own Church and on an Inter-Church basis, seek for a wider understanding of the issues involved in the Middle East in order to contribute to a just and peaceful settlement; 3) Encourage the members of The United Church of Canada and the Churches’ Committee on World Development, Service and Relief to continue and possibly increase its contributions for work among victims of the Middle East conflict; (most of this support is channelled through the World Council of Churches to the Middle East Council of Churches); 4) Support the Division of World Outreach and its Committee on Interfaith Dialogue in promoting dialogue with people of other faiths, and especially among Christians, Muslims and Jews.
1977

General Council urges Government to press the UN to implement UN Security Council Resolution 242

The 24th General Council resolved that the council would "urge the Government of Canada to press the United Nations to make a renewed and determined effort to persuade Israel and the Arab nations to implement the provisions of U.N. Security Council Resolution 242, unanimously adopted on November 22nd, 1967, calling for the establishment of a just and lasting peace based on 2 principles: 1) Withdrawal of Israeli armed forces from territories occupied in the recent conflict and 2) Termination of all claims or states of belligerency and respect for and acknowledgement of the sovereignty, territorial integrity and political independence of every State in the area and their right to live in peace within secure and recognized boundaries free from threats and acts of force
1971

"Why the West Should Stop Supporting Israel" Published

Dr. Frederick V. Winnett published a MacLean’s Article called “Why the West Should Stop Supporting Israel”. He was a United Church minister and on faculty at Emmanuel College as well as the head of the Department of Near East Studies of University College, Toronto. Zionists tried to get him fired and he had threats that his house would be burned.
Jan 18, 1958

United Church Defends Right of Return

The United church recognized the Nakba and defended the right of those Palestinians made refugees to return to their land in resolutions passed at meetings of the General Council 16 in 1954 when the United Nations agreed to a partition of the land of Palestine to create a state of Israel and one of Palestine. In 1968, the General Council Executive again issued a statement supporting the right of return and calling for an end to the Occupation
1954